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Abstract Today's galaxies have regular, symmetrical morphologies, " spirals " or " ellipticals ". The latest generations of telescopes have shown that primordial galaxies in the distant, young Universe have very different, irregular shapes, most often …

Abstract For   century, the galaxies that surround us have been classified by the Hubble tuning fork or sequence, from elliptical, lenticular, to spiral and irregular galaxies, the latter being in the minority. This sequence may not have been present at …

Abstract The announced electrification of transport will require a veritable Copernican revolution, with the need to produce large quantities of high-performance batteries capable of storing large quantities of energy, and electric motors capable of …

Abstract Our contribution will focus on the legal framework for autonomous cars, which remains incomplete to date. The aim is to provide an overview of the legal problems that the introduction of these new cars may pose, and of possible solutions. While …

Abstract Over the past two decades, research into the history of transport has clearly led to a change in vocabulary. The all-encompassing history of mobility, with its social, political and heritage dimensions, goes far beyond a simple technical …

Abstract The recent craze for walking and reclaiming natural spaces in the city has often resulted in the introduction of a multiplicity of mobilities known as " douces ", sometimes in conflict with each other, which are changing the shape, perceptions …

Abstract The transport sector is responsible for almost a third of France's greenhouse gas emissions. It is the only sector that has failed to reduce its carbon footprint. What needs to be done ? Beyond technical innovations (electric vehicles, …

Abstract Alternative fuels are solutions for decarbonizing the land, air and sea transport sectors. Produced from biomass (advanced biofuels) or CO2 (renewable fuels of non-biological origin), these alternative fuels are compatible with conventional fuels …

Abstract Assisted or partially automated driving, robot cabs, delivery droids, driverless shuttles : the long-held dream of the autonomous vehicle is taking shape, thanks to major advances in sensors, artificial intelligence and on-board computing. But …

Abstract Used directly or as an essential component in the synthesis of alternative fuels, hydrogen has a major role to play in the energy transition of land, sea and air transport. What are the prospects and the associated technological and …

Abstract Electric vehicles are one of the most studied technological avenues for individual mobility that is more respectful of the planet. Nevertheless, many questions and doubts persist about the batteries that power them (in terms of cost, range, …

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Abstract Large-scale galaxy surveys are powerful observational tools for understanding the evolution of galaxies. In this seminar, we will use the example of the ALPINE survey to illustrate the long process from initial idea through observations with …

Abstract Galaxies are gregarious, the vast majority living in groups, and a small fraction gathering in rich clusters of several thousand galaxies. Proto-clusters of galaxies begin to form in the over-densities of the young Universe, but only collapse and …

Documents and media Download support The Links of Causal Chains Sharing real and fictional reference …