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Aude Pommeret Aude Pommeret, PhD from Paris I, is Professor of Economics at Savoie-Mont-Blanc University. She previously held positions at HEC Lausanne and the City University of Hong Kong. Her research focuses on the incorporation of uncertainty into …

The division of value creation between consumption and investment is determined by expected rates of return, as set by financial markets. In other words, financial markets and the economic agents who interact with them determine the overall level of …

The mistrust of genius, which is gradually falling into disrepute under the influence of scientific positivism, or of models of artistic creativity that dispense with any notion of inspiration, often targets child prodigies: for example, the exceptional …

Abstract Gamma-ray bursts, which sometimes last only a fraction of a second, are the most energetic events in the Universe. Their radiation is continued in the host galaxy by afterglows , at different wavelengths, which help identify their origin, and …

Abstract The search for new materials is closely linked to the development of synthesis techniques in solid state chemistry. Today, the diversity of these methods makes it possible to tackle a wide range of physico-chemical conditions. These range from …

Abstract Gamma-ray bursts can last only a fraction of a second. They are the most energetic events in the Universe. For a long time, they were the most distant stars observed, close to the Big Bang. They make it possible to explore the intergalactic …

Abstract Li-Ion batteries, which are now an integral part of our everyday lives, are essentially based on the use of insertion compounds. These have a major impact, controlling the battery's capacity, output potential, autonomy and energy density. What …

Major inventions, such as writing, were attributed to the gods. The history of texts shows both extraordinary continuity and transformations, as illustrated by wisdom literature such as proverbs. Over the course of time, however, we have witnessed the …

Abstract Today, Edmond Becquerel's name is associated with the discovery, in 1839, of the photovoltaic effect, thanks to the production of an electric current by the action of light on a metal coated with a silver salt immersed in an electrolyte. For his …

From Edmond Becquerel's discovery of the photovoltaic effect in 1839, to the deployment of terrestrial photovoltaics at the beginning of the 21st century, a series of milestones have been reached, the history of which we will analyze in the context of the …

Abstract Fiction tells us about things (or people) that don't exist. How is this possible? Doesn't talking or thinking about them give them a minimal existence? This is the problem of referring to the non-existent . A second problem is that of existential …

Abstract This introduction begins with a reminder of the background to the theme of the lecture series on religious norms and questions of authority begun last year. On the one hand, the research project Collection of Greek Ritual Norms is being carried …

Awards ceremony for the 2021 season's data challenges , with presentation of results by the winners. Access the videos of the 2021 …

Abstract Maximizing likelihood means minimizing a cost function that is the opposite of log likelihood. This minimization can be calculated by gradient descent. Its convergence depends on the Hessian of the cost function. Convergence is guaranteed if the …

Abstract Writer Pascal Quignard offers Collège de France audiences a two-part reflection. Firstly, he offers a brief history of the " defense de l'oublié ", a novelty with its roots in the French Revolution and its development over the course of the 19th …

Abstract According to Valéry, art exists when there are several ways of doing the same thing. But consubstantial with the art of doing is the art of losing. The sense of loss defines aesthetic modernity, which values the idiosyncratic, and thereby induces …

The contemporary emotion aroused by abandoned landscapes raises the theoretical question of the relationship between ruin, wear and tear and collapse. Here, we attempt to address this question through a concrete analysis of the material conditions of …