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Abstract This lecture discusses the dynamics of dust particles within a protoplanetary disk, focusing on sedimentation towards the disk midplane and radial drift. These two processes depend on particle size. This size, in turn, is determined by the speed …

Abstract Participatory science can be defined as forms of scientific knowledge production involving - with researchers - citizens. In this seminar, I will review the long history of amateur involvement in science for the study of biodiversity, as well as …

Abstract Biodiversity is changing rapidly, and several sources of data are available to try and objectify these changes. The lecture will present these different types of data, the ways in which they can be analyzed and their limitations in detecting …

Abstract How can machines learn as effectively as humans and animals ? How could machines learn how the world works and acquire common sense ? How could machines learn to reason and plan ? Current AI architectures, such as large-scale auto-regressive …

Abstract Multimodality : NLP and images, NLP and speech. Improving machine translation using context, especially images. NLP without the written word : reconciling NLP and speech processing, using the example of automatic speech …

The Respective Roles of Priors, Noise, and Confidence in Learning Abstract Learning and deciding in uncertain environments is a difficult but ubiquitous challenge for human intelligence. Research in psychology and neuroscience has identified the …

Geometric and Musical Patterns: Brain Mechanisms and Educational Relevance Abstract The sense of geometry for static shapes is accompanied, in the human species, by an ability to perceive regularities and in particular symmetries within spatial and …

Abstract This lecture focuses on the genesis and evolution of gas disks around forming stars. These disks are also called accretion disks because of their ability to transport matter towards the central star. Stellar accretion is also observed …

Abstract Following on from last year's study of the British Library tablets, we now turn our attention to a previously unpublished tablet from Fribourg, which provides new evidence of bilingual (Greek-Coptic) vocational education in post-Arab conquest …

Abstract Over the past 8,000 years, Southwest Asia and the Eastern Mediterranean have seen the rise of cities, states and empires. Climate fluctuations are generally considered to be a significant factor in these changes because in pre-industrial …

Abstract The concept of resilience has rapidly gained remarkable importance in socio-ecological systems theory. The word resilience appears thousands of times in the latest IPCC assessment report. A historical perspective can help us understand its …

Abstract What are the difficulties in gaining acceptance for and actually implementing environmental protection policies ? And more generally, how do you regulate businesses in relatively weak …

Abstract Since Babbage and Lovelace's analytical machine, the machine language executed by processors has typically consisted of a succession of instructions in sequence. But efficient implementation in hardware requires instructions to be executed in …

Lecture plan 0. Introduction 1. Monasticism and lectures 1.1. The topos of the illiterate monk  : monasteries as a place of unculture or a-culture …

Abstract In contrast to classical imperative programming, declarative programming is concerned with describing the expected results of a program, without making explicit the sequence of elementary computational steps that produce these results. Do we …