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As in many traditional civilizations, Mesopotamian rituals were conceived as the reproduction of primordial gestures. It's undeniable that cults had elements that remained unchanged over the long term, which is why Mesopotamian religion is generally …

Abstract The study of Europe's " heritage " should at last lead us to look to the future, while reflecting on convergences and what can become common, and their implementation. It is mainly the contribution of Europe's constitutional heritage that is at …

Abstract How do we reimagine the digital world? To focus solely on technology is to miss the point: our interactions with that technology. My field, human-computer interaction , poses a fundamental question: how can we ensure that computers meet the needs …

Abstract Whether the states of Central and Eastern Europe are now members of the European Union, or only belong to the Council of Europe as an international organization, the crucial challenges they face are so different that it is now questionable …

Abstract Plasma processes enable the deposition of a wide variety of materials under non-equilibrium conditions. Here we retrace the evolution of the silicon thin-film industry: from hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) in the 1980s to polymorphous …

Thin-film technologies are distinguished by the ability of materials to absorb sunlight at very low thicknesses, of the order of a few microns or less, as opposed to over a hundred or more for silicon. This is due to a difference in the electronic …

Abstract The period in question lasted around ten millennia, from 21 000 to 11 600 years before present (BP: before present ). It was long enough for slow variations in the Earth's orbit to have had an influence on climate. Indeed, the geometry of the …

Knowledge of Biblical Hebrew essential. …

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Abstract Following the analysis of the elegy in Solon's Eunomia , the aim is to deepen our understanding of the articulation between divine authority and political action in his work. Fragments 5, 34 and 36 of the West edition are thus called to the stand …

Ophélie Ronce Ophélie Ronce is CNRS Research Director at the Institut des sciences de l'évolution in Montpellier, where she heads the "Evolution & Demography" team. She defended her thesis there in 1999, and was recruited in 2001 after a post-doctorate at …

Abstract This lecture is devoted to the synthetic theory of evolution : I) its history, from Antiquity to Charles Darwin, then the synthetic theory of evolution of the early 20th  century ; II) the main principles of neo-Darwinian theory, which integrates …

Abstract Information geometry studies the geometric structures , distances and invariance notions of a family of probability distributions called a statistical model. A parametric statistical model can be treated as a Riemannian variety by equipping it …

Abstract We introduce instant codes defined on finite alphabets of symbols, and prefix codes that can be represented by binary trees. We prove Shannon's theorem, through Kraft's lemma, which shows that the minimum length of these codes is bounded …

Abstract This is written for a general audience and will argue that science is the most long-lasting revolutionary activity known to humankind. It will explain what science is, emphasising the philosophical approach of Karl Popper. This is followed by a …

Abstract In this lecture we will address hosiotēs , one of the ancient Greek words that refers to "piety". Hosiotēs was a key notion in classical Greek religion, reflecting a core value in Athenian democracy. The term refers to what humans should do to …

Jean-Marc Tallon Jean-Marc Tallon is Director of Research at the CNRS and Professor at the Paris School of Economics. His research focuses on the foundations of decision-making in an uncertain environment, and its consequences for the distribution of risk …

I'll show how to take account of the high uncertainties surrounding economic growth and climate sensitivity when determining the discount rate over very long time horizons. Documents and media Download …

Abstract Discovery of new materials provides moments of inspiration and shifts in understanding, shaping the dynamic field of materials science. Following the graphene breakthrough, many other 2D materials emerged. Although many of them remain subjects of …