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Abstract The oracle was expressed in the form of an enigma. It fell to a wise man to decipher it and make the encrypted message apparent. If history is the art of looking at the enigmas of the past and grasping their nature as much as the reasons that …

Philippe Portier: "States and religions in Europe: the weight of history" Stéphanie Hennette Vauchez: "The scope and limits of secularism in effective …

Abstract Since Régine Pernoud and Georges Duby, a tradition, whose influence extends beyond the historiographical framework, locates in the second half of the 12th   century, at the time of Hildegarde de Bingen and Eleanor of Aquitaine, a lost paradise of …

Abstract Writing as an underground temple where we crawl to consult an oracle in the darkness of the cave, the place of pre-writing. Become the pythia who enunciates an enigma to be submitted to the soothsayer who will decipher it. Past, present and …

Abstract From biocatalysts such as enzymes, to therapeutic targets and drugs such as membrane proteins and antibodies, various classes of proteins are manipulated outside their natural context. Stabilizing them is often a challenge. We will illustrate how …

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Abstract The " chief merchant " of Mari was called Iddin-Numušda (often abbreviated to Iddiyatum). His archives, found in room 24 of the palace (which A. Parrot had mistaken for a school), allow us to draw up a portrait of him ; they show us in particular …

Elizabeth Spelke Elizabeth Spelke is a professor in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University, and has been a member of the Conseil Scientifique de l'Éducation Nationale since January   2018 . Her research focuses on the development of the …

Abstract Approaches (past and recent) for detecting such enhancer sequences . Enhancer traps and high-throughput screening methods. Some examples, in particular of the dynamic analysis of a regulatory trajectory. In this second lesson, after a brief …

Abstract When a waiter asks you for money at the end of a meal, how does your brain understand that it is the food you are paying for? Similar relationships are everywhere in the world and understanding them lets our brains choose good behaviours. Our …

Abstract This study of the emergence of a reading culture in ancient Greece starts from the beginnings of the written text and analyzes its evolution in the Greek world of the 5 th century BC and during the Hellenistic and Imperial periods. The first …

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Abstract Among recent advances in machine learning , one of the most impressive is undoubtedly that of generative AI, which in particular makes it possible to create ever more realistic samples of sounds, images and videos from a finite set of examples. …

Abstract Discovered in July 2022 on the west bank of Thebes by the American-Egyptian archaeological mission of the South Asasif Conservation Project, the perfectly preserved scroll that will be the subject of these three sessions offers a series of texts …

Abstract In Homeric verse, the share of the gods is generically designated by the neuter plural hiera , "sacred shares". Against this background, hiereus , generally translated as "priest", literally designates "the one who makes the hiera ", and thus the …