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Abstract As with all living things, plant-pollinator interactions are not just two-by-two exchanges, but form part of the planet's living fabric, in the form of interaction networks that link almost all species to one another, from close to close, in an …

Abstract The usual semi-classical correspondence (called quantum-classical) shows that the fixed-time evolution of wave packets by a wave equation reveals the geodesic flow in the small-wavelength limit λ → 0. This geodesic flow is determined by the …

Abstract In these last two lectures, we are interested in models of random (q+1)-regular graphs with N vertices. We study the spectral hole of the adjacency matrix, in the limit where N tends to infinity. We present a result due to Joel Friedman, and …

Abstract Mutual understanding during a conversation is an extremely fast and efficient process : we can process three words per second, often more. However, this observation is not consistent with laboratory experiments showing that processing a single …

Abstract Conversational agents, chatbots and large language models   : from Eliza to ChatGPT and ChatLLAMA. How have very large conversational models been trained ? What are their limits, ethical issues, uses and …

Abstract Animals behave flexibly, seamlessly generalizing knowledge between apparently different scenarios. This is the hallmark of intelligence. To do this, representations and computations in the brain must also be flexible and generalise. In this talk …

Children's Drawings and Geometric Universals: How to Explain Them? Abstract In addition to examining the transcultural diversity of geometric signs, across cultures as well as history, the analysis of children's drawings provides a third route to the …

Abstract Driven by the challenge of anthropogenic climate change, the reconstruction of the Holocene climate has provided historians and archaeologists with new insights into the human past. We are learning that the instability of the Earth system has …

Abstract Poor countries raise relatively few taxes, and this limits their ability to take action to help their populations. How are tax revenues distributed ? How can these countries increase their fiscal …

Abstract The second lecture looked at control structures on a larger scale than the commands (statements ) of the first lecture : the scale of mechanisms for breaking programs down into subroutines, procedures, functions and methods. These linguistic …

Abstract The twenty-two administrative metropolises and the agglomerations surrounding major urban centers share a number of specific features in terms of both vulnerability and capacity for action. The density of their populations, facilities and …

Keynote conference. Abstract The evolution of cities in response to global warming, whether in terms of transport logistics, decarbonization of the economy or adaptation to new climatic conditions, will lead to an evolution of materials in the direction …

Abstract The purpose of this presentation is to analyze the current and future role of the hospital in the city, and more generally in the …

Abstract Cities of the future will need to monitor pathogen mutations in animal and human populations to anticipate species crossings causing pandemics. They will need to prepare these populations with sentinels to detect early warning signals, and with …

Keynote conference. Abstract Cities are home to a high proportion of the population ; temperature, air pollution and noise levels are generally higher there than elsewhere ; and they are more vulnerable to rising sea levels and flood risks. As a result, …