Abstract
Population growth, the intensification of human activities, and climate change are disrupting ecosystems and creating the conditions for new health, food, and environmental crises. The “One Health” concept highlights the interdependence between human health, animal health, plant health, and the health of natural environments. Antibiotic resistance, intensive agriculture, pollution, and urbanization must therefore be examined in light of microbial biodiversity and the functions it performs. But how can we measure the consequences of these disruptions on ecological balances that are still poorly understood? Can we identify thresholds beyond which ecosystems collapse? And how can we restore microbial communities capable of restoring essential functions to degraded environments?
